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...sits beside a bike". We have a physical location here and laterality. The located object is "en gutt" and the reference object is "en sykkel". Coincidence

...student in the Linguistics department at Northeastern Illinois University located in Chicago, IL. I will be applying for PhD programs during the current ap

...which means "a paragraph earlier on this page". It does not mean that the located object "en side" is superior to "denne siden", the reference object.

...står bak huset", which means "the man stands behind the house". Here the located object is "mannen" and "huset" is the reference object, the relation is p ...oup were the ones causing it to happen. So here we don`t denote a physical location, rather a concept.

...and pragmatics of under-documented languages. Currently, my focus is the locative system of the Bantu language Mushunguli/Kizigua, spoken in Somalia. I a

...e that the details are surrounding, and containing the area of the CA. The located object contains the referential object. ...e the adverbial signalling quantity, that is originally a preposition. The located object is not in a specific position in relation to the referential objec

...ans "they stood face to face to each other". Here the two objects are both located objects and reference objects, the one of them is anterior to the other o

...us", which means "the girl stands between two houses". This means that the located object, the girl, is "mellom" or in English "between" two reference objec

In the phrase above the located object is "jenta" and the reference object is "tett skog". Although also

Coincidence is when the located object is in contact with the reference object. ...d '[[mot]]'. '[[På]]' also indicates a relationship of superiority of the located object to the reference object, something that happens in many languages.

...preposition 'under' usually indicates a relationship of inferiority of the located object to the reference object ...The located object is "en katt" and the reference object is "bordet". The located object is placed in the downward space from the underside of the table, w

...e "fremfor" describing anteriority in the physical sense having a physical location, also it describes prioritization, so it is a conceptual expression too. ...år fremfor huset", meaning "a car stands in front of the house". Here the located object is "bilen" and the reference object is "huset". So physically the

In both of the following examples the car is located in space exterior to the ground. The difference between the two phrases i ...eference object if not denoted otherwise is the place where the speaker is located.

*[http://typecraft.org/tc2/ntceditor.html#2790,45438 Phrase location for additional valence information] *[http://typecraft.org/tc2/ntceditor.html#2790,45439 Phrase location for additional valence information]

...To the best of my knowledge no one has ever done comprehensive research on locative marking including Runyankore-Rukiga. There is also a chapter on the gram ...n Runyankore-Rukiga, focusing mainly on the multi-functional nature of the locative classes.

*[http://typecraft.org/tc2/ntceditor.html#2790,45464 Phrase location for additional valence information] *[http://typecraft.org/tc2/ntceditor.html#2790,45465 Phrase location for additional valence information]

...birds are sitting on the roof". Here we have a physical location, and the located object is "to fugler" and the reference object is "taket". The birds are ...aning "the clothes hang on the clothesline", signals coincidence between a located object and the referential object. Here the reference object is two-dimen

Bresnan, J. and J.M. Kanerva (1989). Locative inversion in Chichewa: a case study of factorization in grammar. Linguis Buell, L. (2007) Semantic and Formal Locatives: Implications for the Bantu Locative Inversion Typology, SOAS Working Papers in Linguistics 15: Bantu in Bloo

In this case, the located object is "Suzann Pettersen's score", and the reference object is "ledern In this case, the located object is "Taliban i Pakistan", and the reference object is "Angrepet på

...grafi over litteratur", which means "bibliography of literature". Here the located object "bibliografi" is not in the space superior to the literature, whic ...which means "a paragraph earlier on this page". It does not mean that the located object "en side" is superior to "denne siden", the reference object.