Documenting Lule Sami
Use of the Supinum
| Iŋŋga: |
| Iŋŋgá: |
| Inggá:NOMSG |
| Np |
| Mån |
| mån |
| I1SGNOM |
| PN |
| dal |
| dal |
| now |
| ADVtemp |
| biejav | |
| bieja | v |
| put | 1SGPRES |
| Vtr | |
| mállásav | |
| mállása | v |
| dinner | ACCSG |
| N | |
| duoldatjit | ||
| duolda | tji | t |
| cook | for | INF |
| V | ||
How should one annotate the suffix -tji in the above sentence.
Kristin suggests to use 'supinum'. I am not so sure that is is right. As far as I know the supinum
is one of the infinite forms if LS next to the infinitive, the gerund, the participle forms and others.
But is -tji the marker of an infinite form?
Dorothee
OK: -t is the infinitive marker. The 'supinum' is the -tji- pluss the infinitive marker. May be it is better to say that 'supinum' is tjit? But then we mask that -t is a marker of infinitive. The form is infinite: it exists only in the infinitive form ('-t').
Kristin
last edits
Concerning the following sentence and the paragraph that contains it in the main text:
"This long history and the fact that they are usually not mutually intelligible makes them different languages, not different dialects as they are often mistakenly described."
it seems that the referent of the demonstrative in the sentence above should be 'Saami languages', but that did not come out well I think. Yet. it would be nice to get an answer to the question, why LS is called a language rather than a dialect of Saami! Another thing is that I guess nobody would really claim that Estonian, Finish and Saami are the same language. So one probably does not have to assert that! It also seems to me that the next statement does not really follow. But if in fact it is true that Saami is an older language than the Germanic and the Romance language then there should be a reference to a known scholar claiming that!!
BTW, is it true that the Romance language family is half as old as the Germanic, does not quite sound right? We definitely need references if we want to leave this sentence in the text. I would simply opt for omitting it. It is not central to our concern.
Dorothee
previous discussion
Hi Kristin and Svenn Egil,
This will be our project page!!! (click back to article)
It's purpose is ofc to report on the annotation of Lule Saami texts that we do, but written up in a way that it is interesting to all ppl interested in languages or Lule Saami or both.
NOT JUST LINGUISTS
We should make sure that this becomes a page that has information that cannot be found on the Wikipedia or any other well known web information source.
Moreover, it should be interesting and beautiful information - so not too much text; instead some text made attractive by pictures, music files, cool links, and also with a internal link to your personal page in this TC wiki so that ppl can see who the ppl are that annotate Lule Saami... and so forth.
Here now some links and text snippets that I found interesting in this connection:
http://boreale.konto.itv.se/laante.htm http://boreale.konto.itv.se/samieng1.htm
Bluegreen: LuleSami. Mountain and ForestSami culture in Norway and Sweden, many famous handicrafters and chanters from this group, language is locally quite strong. Separate educational institutions with several textbooks in the language, but not for all subjects teached. A small number of books are published each year in this language. Traditional and present day cultural center: Jokkmokk, Sweden.
Kristin: We cannot use information that tells us that Lule Sami culture is a mountain and Forest Sami Culture in Norway! This concerns only Samis on the Swedish side of the border.
On the Norwegian side of the border we find a Costal Sami culture - that differs from Costal Sami Culture further north!
I can write shortly about this.
Webmasters note:
As a curiosity I'd like to mention that there's one Sami word that has made it into several of the major languages of this world, that word is Tundra -doesn't it speak volumes about which part of the world this is. :)
When Nils-Aslak Valkeapää in his book The Sun—my Father (1991), chooses to create a metaphorical poem of a migrating herd of reindeer and uses [in his poem] some of the wealth of names that exist in Sami to describe the reindeer’s appearance, age and sex, he does so not only to demonstrate the wealth of terminology within the Sami language—he does something beyond that: He plays with the language, conjuring up concepts that have never been used before in that fashion. He conceives, in a sense, new fictional animals by combining familiar words in new ways. And he creates different reindeer which, in terms of their being a part of the herd or outside of it, can easily be viewed as parallels to the artist and his or her position in society, as well as to all human beings in their common experiences of being part of a "flock" or alone.
To this wealth of words can be added a great number of Sami onomatopoetical expressions for sounds pertaining to migration, words for working the herd, for the baying of dogs,and the sounds of a thousand hoofs on frozen ground, for undulating moors over which reindeer horns move, for the sound of bells that, like a blanket of clouds, lift the sky up and give the basis for life in these northern regions. And, as if that isn’t enough, there are allusions to the Sami national anthem, and tracks left behind by the herd, both concrete tracks where it has walked and abstract tracks for us, the readers, to follow back into history. Whether we journey with the herd or only pass by it as we wander, it is impossible for us to survive into the future without the tracks, without nature: The River of Life, the daughter of spring, sap, the mosquito maidens and "the sun/red and warm/moved happiness/ into the morning." Because "nothing remains of us/but a yoik in the singing wind/a dream about being." But even so: "and time does not exist, no end, none/and time is, eternal, always, is," and we are all part of "the life’s circle/infinite/without/beginning/or end/fulfills/changes/colors"…"the horizon’s red dawn/ the starry peaks."
taken from: http://weberstudies.weber.edu/archive/archive%20C%20Vol.%2016.2-18.1/Vol.%2016.2/haraldgaski.html
At the beginning it might be confusing to edit this wiki, but I can tell you that one learns it rather fast :=) I used the following link to get the information I needed: