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Typological Features Template for kulango

Kra Enoc

Feature Description
Phonological Features kulango have seven (7) vowels phonemes and nineteen (19) consonants phonemes
Vowel inventory The vowels of kulango are ɩ e ɛ a ɔ o ɷ u
Vowel harmony In kulango, vowels harmony rule based on +/- ATR: +ATR: e a ɔ o u ; -ATR: ɩ ɛ a ɔ ɷ
Consonant inventory The consonants of kulango are p b t d c ɟ kp gb k g h s z f v j l r w
Tone kulango language got two phonetics tones (H: High and L: Low) without lexical opposition.
Syllable Structure The basic syllable structures of kulango is CV
Morpho-syntactic Features The basic morpho-syntactic parameters of kulango: N+DEF = N+DEF; N+ADJ
morphological classification Koulango may be classify as an isolating language. Lexeme does not change with TAM.
Nominal Phrases In kulango Nominal Phrase structures are: N + ADJ; N + DET and also POSS + N
syntactic structure The linear order of elements in the noun phrase: N+DET
nominal modification The basic types of nominal modification are adjectives, relative clauses, postpositions.
nominal specification Determiners: +animate SG (nɩ); PL (bɛrɛ) –animate SG (rɛ); PL (wɩrɩ~)

Demonstratives: mɷɷ~ (m) Numerals: taa `1`; bɩla; `2`; saa~bɩ `3`; na~ `4`; tɔ `5`; tɔrɔtaa `6`; torofiriɲu~ `7`; tɔrɔfɩrɩsaa~ `8`; tɔrɔfɩrɩna~ `9`; nu~nu `10`; jiplo `20` Quantifiers: pɛɛ `all`; pooko `lot of`

possession In Kulango possession is expressed by using morphemes. They position before the noun. There are: mɩ~ `my`; ɷ `your`; bɔ `his/her`; bɩ `our`; ɩ~ `your`; bɔ `their`.
pronominal system Kulango has free pronoun forms. We are object pronouns and subject pronouns Subject.

Subject: animate: SG hɷ~ `he/she`; PL bɔ`they` inanimate: SG hɔ `it`; PL ɷ~ `its` Object: animate: SG ɩ~; re; jɛ etc. PL bɛ inanimate: SG jɛ, ge, ke etc. PL u~

Verbal Phrases
word order The basic word order of Kulango is:
TAM kulango use morphemes and tonal accent to express aspects accomplied and inaccomplied.


infinitival forms
verbal constructions
Adpositions
Complementation
Special Properties of Kulango