Difference between revisions of "Classroom:CONS marker in SVC of Akan"
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From the TC database Akan Future Aspect, we observed that there were two occurrences of FUT-FUT pattern as in the examples below: | From the TC database Akan Future Aspect, we observed that there were two occurrences of FUT-FUT pattern as in the examples below: | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''FUT-FUT pattern''' | ||
+ | |||
<Phrase>6489</Phrase> | <Phrase>6489</Phrase> | ||
<Phrase>18501</Phrase> | <Phrase>18501</Phrase> | ||
From the two examples we can see that when there are two subjects in the sentence, the FUT-FUT occurs. | From the two examples we can see that when there are two subjects in the sentence, the FUT-FUT occurs. | ||
In other cases, where the FUT-CONS occurs,there is only one subject of the event described by the string of verbs. | In other cases, where the FUT-CONS occurs,there is only one subject of the event described by the string of verbs. | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''FUT-CONS pattern''' | ||
+ | |||
<Phrase>10581</Phrase> | <Phrase>10581</Phrase> | ||
<Phrase>8930</Phrase> | <Phrase>8930</Phrase> | ||
Line 15: | Line 21: | ||
<Phrase>6467</Phrase> | <Phrase>6467</Phrase> | ||
<Phrase>369</Phrase> | <Phrase>369</Phrase> | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''PROG-CONS pattern''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | <Phrase>on</Phrase> | ||
+ | <Phrase>10582</Phrase> | ||
+ | <Phrase>6471</Phrase> | ||
+ | <Phrase>6470</Phrase> | ||
+ | |||
We found a total of 16 phrases which had the token we sought to investigate. Below is a statistical occurrence of the Future Aspect in Akan SVCs from the TC database. | We found a total of 16 phrases which had the token we sought to investigate. Below is a statistical occurrence of the Future Aspect in Akan SVCs from the TC database. | ||
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|FUT-CONS | |FUT-CONS | ||
|align="right" | 10 | |align="right" | 10 | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |PROG-CONS | ||
+ | |align="right" | 3 | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 14:49, 24 April 2011
This page was created as an in-classroom exercise in LING 2208 NTNU
By Miaomiao Zhang and John Gannah
From the TC database Akan Future Aspect, we observed that there were two occurrences of FUT-FUT pattern as in the examples below:
FUT-FUT pattern
εbεyε animguaseε sε wobεsεe awareε.
“It will be humiliating to commit adultery.”
εbεyε | ||
ε | bε | yε |
3SGINANIM | FUT | be |
V |
animguaseε |
animguaseε |
disgraceful |
ADJ |
sε |
sε |
COMPL |
PRT |
wobεsεe | ||
wo | bε | sεe |
2SG | FUT | destroy |
V |
awareε |
awareε |
marriage |
N |
From the two examples we can see that when there are two subjects in the sentence, the FUT-FUT occurs.
In other cases, where the FUT-CONS occurs,there is only one subject of the event described by the string of verbs.
FUT-CONS pattern
Esther bɛfa oslo akɔ Germany
“Esther will pass through Oslo to go to Germany”
Esther |
esther |
SBJ |
Np |
bɛfa | |
bɛ | fa |
FUT | pass |
V |
Oslo |
Oslo |
OBJ2 |
Np |
akɔ | |
a | kɔ |
CONS | go |
V |
Germany |
germany |
OBJ |
Np |
Sε yεpɔn adwuma a, yεbεnantew akɔ fie.
“When we close from work we will walk home.”
Sε |
sε |
COND |
PRT |
yεpɔn | |
yε | pɔn |
1PSBJ | close |
V |
adwuma |
adwuma |
work |
N |
a |
a |
COND |
PRT |
yεbεnantew | ||
yε | bε | nantew |
1PSBJ | FUT | walk |
V |
akɔ | |
a | kɔ |
CONS | go |
V2 |
fie |
fie |
home |
N |
Mansa bεpɔn ne ho afi adepam mu afe yi.
“Mansah will finish and come out of dressmaking this year.”
Mansa |
mansa |
mansa |
Np |
bεpɔn | |
bε | pɔn |
FUT | close |
V |
ne |
ne |
3SG |
PN |
ho |
ho |
REFL |
PN |
afi | |
a | fi |
CONS | come.out |
V |
adepam |
adepam |
dressmaking |
N |
mu |
mu |
inside |
Nrel |
afe |
afe |
year |
N |
yi |
yi |
PROX |
DEM |
Kofi bεtɔ dware aku no anoa awe.
“Kofi will buy a sheep, kill it,boil it and eat it.”
Kofi |
kofi |
K.SBJ |
N |
bεtɔ | |
bε | tɔ |
FUT | buy |
V |
dware |
dware |
sheepOBJ |
N |
aku | |
a | ku |
CONS | kill |
V |
no |
no |
3SGOBJ |
PN |
anoa | |
a | noa |
CONS | boil |
V |
awe | |
a | we |
CONS | chew |
V |
yaa bɛ tɔ brodeɛ anoa adi ada
“Yaa will buy plantain, cook it, eat it, and sleep.”
yáá |
yaa |
Yaa |
Np |
bɛ´tɔ´ | |
bɛ́ | tɔ |
FUT | buy |
Vtr |
bròdéɛ` |
brodeɛ |
plantain |
CN |
ánóá | |
a | noa |
CONS | cook |
V2 |
ádí | |
a | di |
CONS | eat |
V3 |
ádá | |
a | da |
CONS | sleep |
V4 |
PROG-CONS pattern
ɔɔkɔ fa safoa abie bono no
“He is going to take the key to open the door.”
ɔɔkɔ | ||
ɔ | ɔ | kɔ |
SBJ3SG | PROG | go |
V |
fa |
fa |
take |
V |
safoa |
safoa |
keyOBJ2 |
N |
abie | |
a | bie |
CONS | open |
V |
bono |
bono |
doorOBJ |
N |
no |
no |
DET |
Boakye rekɔgye aba abεdi.
“Boakye is going to collect it, come back and eat it.”
Boakye |
boakye |
B.SBJ |
N |
rekɔgye | ||
re | kɔ | gye |
PROG | INGR | collect |
V |
aba | |
a | ba |
CONS | come |
V |
abεdi | ||
a | bε | di |
CONS | INGR | eat |
V |
Yεεkɔgye yaba yabεdi.
“We are going to collect it, come back and eat it.”
Yεεkɔgye | |||
yε | ε | kɔ | gye |
1PLSBJ | PROG | INGR | collect |
V |
yaba | ||
y | a | ba |
3PLSBJ | CONS | come |
V |
yabεdi | |||
y | a | bε | di |
1PLSBJ | CONS | INGR | eat |
V |
We found a total of 16 phrases which had the token we sought to investigate. Below is a statistical occurrence of the Future Aspect in Akan SVCs from the TC database.
Aspect Type | Frequency |
FUT-FUT | 2 |
FUT-CONS | 10 |
PROG-CONS | 3 |
References
- ↑ Boadi, L.A. (2008).Tense, aspect and Akan. In Ameka, F.K. and M.E. Kropp Dakubu (eds) Aspect and Modality in Kwa Languages. Benjamins.