These annotations are made by Mary Esther Kropp Dakubu
Link to the database: https://typecraft.org/tc2/ntceditor.html#16
Polisifonyo ji mi
“I am a policeman”
| pòlísìfóɲò |
| pòlísì | fó | ɲò |
| police | HUM | person |
| N |
vcop-identification_identified-IDENTITY
Kojo heko lɛ eyeko
“Kojo has not believed him.”
| èyékò |
| è | yé | kò |
| 3SG | eat | NEGPFV |
| V |
sv-suAspIDsuAg-v1tr-v1obTh-v2intr-v2suClit-PERCPT
Kofi bolɔ ewo mi
“Kofi shouted at me”
| !bə́lɔ̀ |
| ! | bə́ | lɔ̀ |
| AOR | call | ITER |
| V |
sv_suAspIDsuAg-v1intr-v2tr-v2suClit-v2obTrgt-COMMUNICATION
Gbekɛbii lɛ ekamɔ shi amɛwɔ
“The children have gone to sleep”
| gbekɛbii |
| gbekɛ | bi | i |
| child | offspring | PL |
| N |
| ekamɔ |
| e | ka | mɔ |
| PFV | lie | DISTRIB |
| V |
| amɛwɔ |
| amɛ́ | wɔ |
| 3PLPFV | sleep |
| V |
sv_suAspID-v1tr-v1suAgintent_obLoc-v2intr-v2suClit-v2suTh-
Tɛte miinyɛ eeha bo shika
“Tettey can give you money”
| eeha |
| ee | ha |
| 3SGSBJPROG | give |
| V |
v-intrDECLbare_suIDcompSu-suAg_obThsit-ABILITY
Kojo ahe lɛ eye
“Kojo should believe him.”
sv_suAspIDsuAg-v1tr-v1obTh-v2intr-v2suClit
prt-suIdfd-IDENTIFICATION
Hii lɛ kpatu amɛgbee shi
“The men fell down on purpose”
| amɛgbèé |
| amɛ | gbee |
| 3PLAOR | fall |
| V2 |
sv-suAspIDALLsuAg-v1intr-v2tr-v2suClit-v2obLoc-
v-intr-suAg-MOTION
Eeflɛ
“He was answering back”
| Eeflɛ |
| ee | flɛ |
| 3SGPROG | answer.back |
| V |
v-intr-suAg-COMMUNICATION
v-intr-suTh-PHENOM
Tɛ lɛ wa
“The stone is hard”
v-intr-suTh-PROPTY_ASCR
Shinaa lɛ kã
“The door is open”
v_aor-intr-suTh-STATE
Edi
“it is black, has become black”
v_aor-intr-suTh-PROPTY_ESTABD
Nu lɛ egbi
“The water has dried up”
v_perf-intr-suAff-ENDSTATE
Nuu lɛ egbɛ
“The man is confused”
v_perf-intr-suExp-PSYCHSTATE
Ehiŋmɛi tsu
“He got angry”
| Ehiŋmɛi |
| e | hiŋmɛi |
| 3SGPOSS | eye |
| N |
v_aor-intr-suPossp_suBPspec-suTh-EMOTION
v-intr-suPostp-suLocus-PROPTY_ASCR
Kakla lɛ naa eba
“The knife is sharp”
v_perf-intr-suPostp_suUnif-suLocus-PROPTY_ESTABD
Minyɛɔ míŋmaa mígbɛi
“I can write my name”
| Minyɛɔ |
| mi | nyɛ | ɔ |
| 1SG | able | HAB |
| V |
| míŋmaa |
| mí | ŋma | a |
| 1SG | write | HAB |
| V |
| mígbɛi |
| mí | gbɛi |
| 1SGPOSS | name |
| N |
v-intrComp-compDECLbare_suIDcompSu-suAg_obThsit-ABILITY
Yoo lɛ etee ní eyahe wolo lɛ
“The woman has gone to buy the book”
| eyahe |
| é | yá | he |
| 3SGSBJV | EGRSBJV | buy |
| V |
v-intrComp-compIRRcmp_suIDcompSu-suAg-MOTION_DIR
Ehia akɛ amɛfee
“It is necessary that they do (it).”
| Ehia |
| e | -̀ | hia |
| it3SGEXPLET | AOR | need |
| V |
| amɛfee |
| amɛ | -̀ | fee |
| they3PL | AOR | do |
| V |
v-intrImpersComp-suExpl_compDECLcmp-NEED
Maŋo lɛ etsu hɛluu
“The mango is ripe, red”
v_perf-intrScpr-scResIncrm_scAdj-suTh-PROPTY_ESTABD
Efeɔ dioo
“He became quiet-mannered”
v-intrScpr-scAdj-suAg-PROPTY_DYN
v-intrScpr-scAdj-suLocus-PROPTY
v-intrScpr-scAdv-suAg-PROPTY
Efee diŋŋ
“He became quiet”
v_perf-intrScpr-suPostp_scResIncrm_scAdj-suLocus-PROPTY_ESTABD
Koo lɛ mli ejɔ tiŋkoŋŋ
“The forest is dead quiet”
| tiŋkoŋŋ |
| tiŋkoŋŋ |
| silent |
| ADJ |
v-intrVid-suTh_vidObTrgt-COMPARISON_COMPARATIVE
Eda fe mi
“He is bigger than me”
v-intrVid-suTh_vidObTrgt-COMPARISON_EQUATIVE
Etale tsuɔ tamɔ la
“Her dress is as red as blood”
| Etale |
| e | tale |
| 3SGPOSS | dress |
| N |
v-intrScprVid-scAdj_vidObPostp-suTh_vidObLoc-PROPTY
Atade lɛ fee papii yɛ ehe
“The dress is tight on her”
v-tr-suAg_obMover-EJECTION
Kofi fɔ bɔɔlu lɛ
“Kofi threw the ball”
v-tr-suAg_obLoc-MAINTAINPOSITION
Amɛda shi
“They stood, posed”
| Amɛda |
| amɛ | -̀ | da |
| 3PL | AOR | stand |
| V |
v-tr-suAg_obTh-ASKING
Eba nii
“She begged for things”
v-tr-suEff_obExp-EXPER
Wonu lɛ ŋɔɔ mi
“The soup tastes good to me”
v_prog-tr-suEff_obIncraff-EXPE
Fɛi miiye lɛ
“He is cold”
v-tr-suPoss_obThAbst-PROPTY
Eyɛ hewalɛ
“She is healthy”
v-tr-suPossAbst_obLoc-PROPTY
Sane lɛ yɛ mli
“The story is true”
v-tr-suSens_obPercpt-PERCPT
Mina wolo lɛ
“I saw the book”
v-tr-suIDobSpec_obPossp_obBPspec-suAg_obAff-PSYCHSTATE
Kofi miiye etsui
“Kofi is worried”
| etsui |
| e | tsui |
| 3SGPOSS | heart |
| N |
v-tr-suTh_obLoc-REDUCTION
Kofi ba shi
“Kofi lost weight”
v-tr-suIDobSpec_obPostp-suAg_obLoc-WASHING
Ebaabule ehe
“She will purify herself”
| Ebaabule |
| e | baa | bule |
| 3SG | INGRFUT | purify |
| V |
v-tr-suIDobSpecSpec_obPostp_obSpecPostp-suAg_obLocus-COLLECT
Amɛbua amɛhe naa
“They assembled”
| Amɛbua |
| amɛ | -̀ | bua |
| 3PL | AOR | assemble |
| V |
v-tr-suPossp_suBPSpec_obIDsuSpec-suLocus_obExp-EXPER
Míhiɛ di mi
“I am dizzy”
| Míhiɛ |
| mí | hiɛ |
| 1SGPOSS | face |
| N |
v-tr-suPostp-suLocus_obThAbst-PROPTY
Ehe yɛ fɛo
“He is beautiful”
v-tr-suPostp-suLocus_obEndpt-PROPTY_DYN
Enaa ba shi
“It lessened, was reduced”
v-tr-suPostp_obIDsuSpec-suLocus_obExp-EXPER
Ehe ŋɔɔ lɛ
“He is ticklish”
v-tr-suPostp_obUnif-suLocus_obEndstate-PROPTY_ESTABD
Ehe ebɔ ŋkanale
“It is rusty”
v-tr-obBPsu-suPoss_obTh-PROPTY
Eyɛ tsui
“She is patient”
v-tr-obPostp-suAg_obTh-CARETAKING
Ebaa amɛyi
“She protected them”
| Ebaa |
| e | -̀ | baa |
| 3SG | AOR | protect |
| V |
v-tr-obPostp-suAgmover_obEndpt-MOTION_DIRECTED
Tɛtɛ tee yara nɔ
“Tetteh went to the funeral”
v-tr-obPostp-suAgsens_obLocus-COGNITION
Enu sane lɛ shishi
“She understood the problem”
v-tr-obPostp-suEff_obLocus-EXPER
Eŋɔɔ mínaa
“It pleased me”
| Eŋɔɔ |
| e | -̀ | ŋɔɔ |
| 3SG | AOR | please |
| V |
| mínaa |
| mí | naa |
| 1SGPOSS | edge |
| N |
v-tr-obPostp-suSens_obLocus-PERCPT
Enu ohe
“He heard about you”
v_hab-trLght-obUnif-suAg_obThAbst-PROPTY_GEN
v-tr-obUnif-suAgsens_obLocus-PERCP
Wɔbo toi
“We listened”
| Wɔbo |
| wɔ | -̀ | bo |
| 1PL | AOR | listen |
| V |
v-tr-obSpecPostp-suSens_obPercpt-PERCPT
Enu kooloo lɛ he fu
“He smelled the animal”
v-tr_obDECLcmp-suSens_obPercsit-PERCPT
Mina akɛ eyɛ jɛmɛ
“I saw that he was there”
v-tr-obIRRcmp-suAgintent_obThsit-INTENT
Masumɔ ní Akwele aye nii
“I want Akwele to eat”
| Masumɔ |
| m | a | sumɔ |
| 1SG | SBJV | like |
| V |
v-tr-suIDobSu_obNomvL-suAg_obThsit-INCHOATIVE
Ebɔi amɛbimɔ
“He began to ask them”
| amɛbimɔ |
| amɛ | bi | mɔ |
| 3PLPOSS | ask | NOM |
| N |
v-tr-obPostp_obSpecNomvL-suAg_obLocsit-CONTINUATION
Mitsa mikasemɔ nɔ
“I continued my studies”
| Mitsa |
| mi | tsa |
| 1SGAOR | continue |
| V |
| mikasemɔ |
| mi | kase | mɔ |
| 1SGPOSS | learn | NOM |
| N |
v-tr-obIRRbare-suAgintent_obThsit-PERMISSION
Amɛha Kofi aba
“They allowed Kofi to come”
v-tr-obNomvL-suAg_obThsit-CONTINUATION
Obaahi yeli
“You will be eating”
| Obaahi |
| o | baa | hi |
| 2SG | INGRFUT | stay |
| V |
v_HAB-trImpersComp-suExpl_obNomvL-
Efɔɔ kaa akɛ amɛbaa biɛ
“It often happens that they come here”
| Efɔɔ |
| e | fɔ | ɔ |
| 3SG | do.often | HAB |
| V |
| amɛbaa |
| amɛ | ba | a |
| 3PL | come | HAB |
| V |
v-trVid-suAg_obAffincrem_vidObTrgt-COMPARISON_COMPARATIVE
Eye loo fe mi
“She ate more fish than me”
v-trVid-obPostp_vidObBPspec-suAg_obTop_vidObLoc-ASKING_ABOUT
Wɔbi onaanemɛi ashi yɛ edɛŋ
“We asked him about your friends”
| onaanemɛi |
| o | naanemɛ | i |
| 2SGPOSS | friend | PL |
| N |
| edɛŋ |
| e | dɛ | ŋ |
| 3SGPOSS | hand | LOC |
| N |
v-trVid-obPostp_obSpecIDvidObSpec-suAg_obLocus_vidObLoc-EXPER
Efo mli yɛ eblayeiaŋ
“She has gone through her young-womanhood/puberty”
| eblayeiaŋ |
| e | blaye | i | a | ŋ |
| her3SGPOSS | young.woman | PL | POSS | LOC |
| N |
v-trVid-vidObPostp-suMover_obEndpt_vidObLocus-CHANGE_STATUS
Ogbee shi yɛ asafo mli lɛ
“You lost your status in the organization”
| Ogbee |
| o | -̀ | gbee |
| you3SG | AOR | fall |
| V |
v-trVid-vidObPostp-suExper_obLoc_vidObStartpt-CONSCIOUSNESS
Ehɛle shi yɛ wɔ mli
“She woke up with a start”
| Ehɛle |
| e | -̀ | hɛle |
| she | AOR | realize |
| V |
v-trVid-obUnif-suAg_obTh_vidObLoc-ASSUME_LOCATION
Amɛbabɔ ade yɛ Ga
“They came to settle permanently in Accra”
| Amɛbabɔ |
| amɛ | ba | -̀ | bɔ |
| they3PL | INGR | AOR | create |
| V |
v-ditr-suAg_obTrgt_ob2Content-COMMUNICATION
Abu lɛ bem
“He was declared innocent”
v-ditr-suAg_iobRec_obTh-TRANSFER
Eha mi shika
“He gave me money”
v-ditr-suAg_obTrgt_ob2Loc-COMMUNICATION
Miida bo shi
“I thank you”
| Miida |
| mi | i | da |
| I1SG | PROG | thank |
| V |
v-ditr-suAg_iobTrgt_obThmover-COMMUNICATION
Efɔ mi nine
“She waved to me; invited me”
v-ditr-suAg_obAff_ob2Instr-CUTTING
Nuu lɛ baŋ lɛ klante
“The man slashed him with a cutlass”
Verb focus
Ba ni amɛba nɛɛ
“They definitely came”
v-intr-suTh-PHENOM
Aduawa lɛ ba
“The seed germinated”
v-tr-obPostp-suTh_obLoc-STATE
Daa lɛ eba ehiɛ
“He is tipsy, drunk”
| ehiɛ |
| è | hĩ́!ɛ̃́ |
| 3SGPOSS | face |
| N |
Eba ejeŋ jogbaŋŋ
“She behaves well”
| ejeŋ |
| è | jè | ŋ̀ |
| 3SGPOSS | world | LOC |
| N |
| jogbaŋŋ |
| jògbaŋ̀ŋ̀ |
| well |
| ADVm |
Shikpɔŋ nɛɛ baa abele jogbaŋŋ
| jogbaŋŋ |
| jògbaŋ̀ŋ̀ |
| well |
| ADVm |
Eba shika yɛ midɛ
“She borrowed money from me”
| midɛ |
| mí | !dɛ́ |
| 1SGPOSS | hand |
| N |
Maba otoi fioo
“I will say something to you; Please give me a little attention”
Gbomɔ kpatuuu kpɔɔɔ
“A person doesn't prosper without effort - no pain no gain”
| Gbòmɔ̀ |
| Gbòmɔ̀ |
| personSBJ |
| CN |
| kpá!túú |
| kpá!tú | ú |
| do | NEGIPFV |
| V |
| kpɔ́ɔ̂ |
| kpɔ́ | ɔ̂ |
| pluck | NEGIPFV |
| V |
Wɔnyɛɔ ni wɔba
“We are able to come”
| Wɔnyɛɔ |
| wɔ | nyɛ | ɔ |
| 1PL | able | HAB |
| V |
Emii eshɛ ehe
“He is happy”
Miitao eba
“I want him to come”
| Miitao |
| mii | tao |
| 1SGPROG | want |
| V |
Mina lɛ ni enyiɛ
“I saw him walk”
| enyiɛ |
| e | -̀ | nyiɛ |
| 3SG | AOR | walk |
| V |
Ema wolo lɛ yɛ midɛ
“She borrowed the book from me”
Nyɔŋmɔ lɛ eba shi
“The rain has let up, reduced”
Enaa ba shi
“It lessened, was reduced”
Eba nɔ
“She has become very disrespectful”
Eba lɛ shi
“She lowered it”
Akɛmiibaa kusum lɛ yi
“The custom is thereby being preserved”
| Akɛmiiba |
| à | kɛ̀ | m̀ | bàà |
| 3P | move | PROG | guard |
| V |