Complex Passive Constructions in Norwegian
Complex Passive Constructions in Norwegian | |
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Author(s) | Lars Hellan |
Annotator | Lars Isak Askheim |
Corpus Link | Complex Passive Constructions in Norwegian |
General Information
This article belongs to the TC Category Interlinear Glossed Text from Linguistic Research.
In this category we collect TCwiki articles that feature example sentences from linguistic publications. In the form of Interlinear Glossed Text (IGT) these examples are the most common type of scientific data used by linguists of all affiliations.
When occurring in a publication, an IGT is standardly demarcated through indenting, numbering and a space above and under the example. One line of text is followed by one line of glosses. A line with free translation completes the pattern. Yet, IGTs come in many different formats and are often flawed. Glosses essential for the understanding of the examples might be missing, or the free translations given might be misleading. IGTs occur in isolation and normally lack any index to where and when they occur or any other information that would identify them as a particular instance of a language. Yet, in spite of many short-comings, IGTs constitute data not just for linguists, but also more generally across Humanities, and as flawed as they might be, they still are an intuitive and easy way to represent the linguistic properties of real language.
Collections of IGTs from linguistic publication are of particular interest, since they represent a unique alignment of language data and linguistic theory. Example sentences from seminal articles are not rarely circulated in linguistic publications for decades which is another good reason why they need our attention.
In an effort to make IGT more accessible to linguistic research, we have extracting original IGT from linguistic publications and provided in-depth linguistic glosses through a subsequent layer of annotation. Thus we hope to improve the re-usability of this data. Using the TCwiki we make both the original IGT and the newly annotated IGT available here.
In this article and other articles in this category, original and annotated IGTs stand in the context of a short annotated bibliography. Bibliographic information is combined with a list of key-terms which can help to gain a perspective on the research questions raised in the original article. The 'Infobox' may contain further information about the linguistic framework used in the original article and might give additional classification of the phenomena treated whenever possible.
Keyterms
passive, raising, recursive VP-complements, passive participle, perfective participle
Original Interlinear Glossed Text
(1)
a. Jon ble forsøkt skutt b. Jon ble lovet forsøkt skutt c. Jon ble påstått lovet forsøkt skutt |
(4)
a. Jon fryktes omkommet b. Jon påstås fryktet omkommet |
(6)
a. Det ble forsøkt skutt tre løver b. Det ble lovet forsøkt skutt tre løver |
(7)
a. Jon overlot Marit et stort ansvar b. Det ble overlatt Marit et stort ansvar c. Marit ble overlatt et stort ansvar d. Et stort ansvar ble overlatt Marit |
(8)
a. Jon snakket om Marit b. Marit ble snakket om |
(9)
a. Vi skiftet bleier på barna b. Barna ble skiftet bleier på |
(10)
a. Det ble lovet forsøkt overlatt Marit et stort ansvar b. Marit ble lovet forsøkt overlatt et stort ansvar c. Et stort ansvar ble lovet forsøkt overlatt Marit d. Marit ble lovet forsøkt snakket om e. Barna ble lovet forsøkt skiftet bleier på |
(11)
a. Jon antas/ fryktes/ loves/ påstås drept b. Vi *antok/ ??fryktet/ ?*lovet/ *påstod Jon drept |
(12)
a. Vi advarte mot å forfremme Jon b. *Jon ble advart mot forfremmet |
(13)
*Det ble lovet Marit forsøkt overlatt et stort ansvar *Det ble lovet forsøkt Marit overlatt et stort ansvar |
(14)
a. De forespeilte oss at Jon ville bli forfremmet b. Jon ble forespeilt oss forfremmet c. De lovet oss at Jon ville bli forfremmet d. Jon ble lovet oss forfremmet |
(15)
Jon ble lovet forfremmet |
(16)
a. *Jon fryktes lest boken b. *Jon fryktes mottatt gaven |
(17)
a. *Jon ble fryktet løpt b. Jon ble fryktet løpt bort c. *en løpt hare d. en bortløpt hare |
(18)
a. Jon fryktes å ha lest boken b. Jon fryktes å ha mottatt gaven c. Jon fryktes å ha løpt |
(19)
a. *Jon ble forsøkt å bli skutt b. [*]Jon ble lovet å bli skutt |
(20)
a. Jon lovet meg å ytre seg b. *Jeg ble lovet (av Jon) å ytre seg I was promised by Jon to ‘utter’ himself c. *Jon lovet meg å ytre meg Jon promised me to ‘utter’ himself d. *Jeg ble lovet (av Jon) å ytre meg I was promised by Jon to ‘utter’ myself e. Jon anmodet meg om å ytre meg Jon asked me to ‘utter’ myself f. Jeg ble anmodet (av Jon) om å ytre meg I was asked by Jon to ‘utter’ myself |
(23)
a. Jon har lest boken b. Jon fryktes å ha lest boken |
(30)
a. Jon påstås å være fryktet omkommet b. Jon påstås fryktet å være omkommet |