Difference between revisions of "Verb Complementation - Norwegian"
Lars Hellan (Talk | contribs) |
Lars Hellan (Talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
| − | Special topics: | + | Special topics highlighted in [[A Norwegian Grammar Sparrer]]: |
| − | |||
| − | Predicatives following copulas, and adjective agreement | + | ''Infinitival complements, and homophony of coordinating conjunction and infinitival marker'' |
| + | |||
| + | By 'infinitival complements' we mean infinitival expressions serving as subject, object or oblique relative to a verb (called the 'matrix verb'). These expressions are built up exactly in the same way as subordinate finite clauses, except for lacking a subject, and having the first verb in infinitival form. They are usually initiated by the infinitival marker '''''å'''''. | ||
| + | |||
| + | This marker is homophonous to the coordinationg conjunction ''og''. The simplest practical way to decide whether to use ''å'' or ''og'' in a given construction is by comparison with Englsih: where you would use ''and'' in English, use ''og'', and where you would use ''to'' in English, use ''å''. | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ''Predicatives following copulas, and adjective agreement'' | ||
| + | |||
| + | The Norwegian copula verbs are '''''være''''' and '''''bli'''''. They can not be omitted. The predicative following them can be formally of any type: AP, NP, PP. Adjectives occurring as predicative are in the ''strong form'' (cf. theinflection patterns described in [[The Noun Phrase - Norwegian]]), and agree in number and gender with the subject. | ||
| + | |||
Obligatorily transitive verbs | Obligatorily transitive verbs | ||
Reflexive verbs | Reflexive verbs | ||
Revision as of 19:15, 12 September 2011
In Norwegian, the following types of Grammatical Functions can be carried by arguments of the verb:
SUBJ - subject
OBJ - object ('direct object')
IOBJ - indirect object (used in combination with 'direct object')
COMP - sentential complement (when not being classified as object)
OBL - oblique, i.e., a PP where the governed NP has a role defined relative to the head
PRESENTED - the 'presented' NP in a presentational construction
SECPRED - secondary predicate
IDNT - complement of an identifying Copula
ADVBL - 'adverbial complement', i.e., a PP, Adv or AdvP serving as complement
PRTCL - 'particle', an adverb with aspectual or less tangible impact
For a detailed survey of construction types instantiating these functions and combinations of them, see
- Verbconstructions Norwegian - intransitive,
- Verbconstructions Norwegian - transitive,
- Verbconstructions Norwegian - ditransitive and copular.
Special topics highlighted in A Norwegian Grammar Sparrer:
Infinitival complements, and homophony of coordinating conjunction and infinitival marker
By 'infinitival complements' we mean infinitival expressions serving as subject, object or oblique relative to a verb (called the 'matrix verb'). These expressions are built up exactly in the same way as subordinate finite clauses, except for lacking a subject, and having the first verb in infinitival form. They are usually initiated by the infinitival marker å.
This marker is homophonous to the coordinationg conjunction og. The simplest practical way to decide whether to use å or og in a given construction is by comparison with Englsih: where you would use and in English, use og, and where you would use to in English, use å.
Predicatives following copulas, and adjective agreement
The Norwegian copula verbs are være and bli. They can not be omitted. The predicative following them can be formally of any type: AP, NP, PP. Adjectives occurring as predicative are in the strong form (cf. theinflection patterns described in The Noun Phrase - Norwegian), and agree in number and gender with the subject.
Obligatorily transitive verbs
Reflexive verbs