In this sentence we can look at how toneme 1 and toneme 2 is used in inflection. It is also a good example of how morphological annotation can be incomplete without a more thorough look at the actual pronunciation of words.
+
+
[[Image:Taket.jpg|350px]]
+
[[Image:Pære.jpg|350px]]
+
+
Here we have screenshots of two of the words from the sentence, “taket” and “pære” in orthography, viewed in the Praat application. The latter word is part of a compound word, but for the sake of simplicity we can disregard this. The pitch is shown as a blue curve in the middle. Phonemically these words are transcribed /ta:k+e/ and /pæ:r+e/, where the suffix /e/ in the first word denotes definite singular (“the roof”) and in the second indefinite singular (“bulb”). It would seem we have two different morphemes that are realised by the same morph /e/, however, this is not the case. As we can see, the inflected words have different pitch contours, in /ta:k+e/ there is an HLH contour (the word has toneme 2), while in /pæ:r+e/ there is a LH contour (toneme 1). One way to analyse this is to say that the suffix /e/ in /ta:k+e/ carries an extra tone (or tone bearing unit) with it, while the suffix /e/ in /pæ:r+e/ does not. This means that the two suffixes are not phonologically the same.
+
<flashmp3>PSTA07.mp3</flashmp3><br>
<flashmp3>PSTA07.mp3</flashmp3><br>
Download files for viewing in the Praat application: Sound: [[File:PSTA07.mp3]], TextGrid: [[File:PSTA07.txt]]
Download files for viewing in the Praat application: Sound: [[File:PSTA07.mp3]], TextGrid: [[File:PSTA07.txt]]
Altså, du har TVen som er nesten helt inntil nederste delen av rektangelet og så har du et område som er like bredt som TVen nedenfor TVen igjen.
“So, there's the TV, which is almost completely up against the lowest part of the rectangle, and then there's an area the is just as wide as the TV below it.”
Ved siden av døra, så henger det fra taket, rett ned, en…en sånn lyspære.
“Beside the door, hanging straight down from the roof, there's a…you know, a light bulb.”
Ved
ve
byLOC
PREP
siden
si:d
en
side
DEFSG
N
av
av
ofPART
PREP
døra
dø:r
a
door
DEFSG
N
så
so
thenDM
CONJC
henger
henɡ
hangPRES
V
det
de
3SGNEUT
PN
fra
fra
fromDIRSRC
PREP
taket
ta:k
e
ceiling
DEFSG
N
rett
ret:
straight
ADVm
ned
ne
down(wards)
ADVm
en
en
aINDEFSGCOMM
ART
en
en
aINDEFSGCOMM
ART
sånn
son:
DM
ADVm
lyspære
ly:s
pæ:r
e
light
bulb
INDEFSG
N
In this sentence we can look at how toneme 1 and toneme 2 is used in inflection. It is also a good example of how morphological annotation can be incomplete without a more thorough look at the actual pronunciation of words.
Here we have screenshots of two of the words from the sentence, “taket” and “pære” in orthography, viewed in the Praat application. The latter word is part of a compound word, but for the sake of simplicity we can disregard this. The pitch is shown as a blue curve in the middle. Phonemically these words are transcribed /ta:k+e/ and /pæ:r+e/, where the suffix /e/ in the first word denotes definite singular (“the roof”) and in the second indefinite singular (“bulb”). It would seem we have two different morphemes that are realised by the same morph /e/, however, this is not the case. As we can see, the inflected words have different pitch contours, in /ta:k+e/ there is an HLH contour (the word has toneme 2), while in /pæ:r+e/ there is a LH contour (toneme 1). One way to analyse this is to say that the suffix /e/ in /ta:k+e/ carries an extra tone (or tone bearing unit) with it, while the suffix /e/ in /pæ:r+e/ does not. This means that the two suffixes are not phonologically the same.