Difference between revisions of "SVC in Mandarin Chinese (Li & Thompson 1989)"
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|author= Charles N. Li & Sandra A. Thompson | |author= Charles N. Li & Sandra A. Thompson | ||
|editor= | |editor= | ||
− | |pub_title= Mandarin Chinese. A functional reference grammar | + | |pub_title= Mandarin Chinese. A functional reference grammar (1989) |
|publisher= University of California Press | |publisher= University of California Press | ||
|framework= functional reference grammar | |framework= functional reference grammar | ||
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{{IGT}} | {{IGT}} | ||
− | === | + | ===Instructions=== |
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According to Li & Thompson, SVC can be divided into four groups: | According to Li & Thompson, SVC can be divided into four groups: | ||
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'''(iv)''' Circumstance | '''(iv)''' Circumstance | ||
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+ | ===Original Interlinear Glossed Text=== | ||
{| style="color:green; background-color:#ffffcc;" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="0" | {| style="color:green; background-color:#ffffcc;" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" border="0" | ||
|(2)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21480/ 我买票进去。]. <br> | |(2)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21480/ 我买票进去。]. <br> | ||
+ | wŏ măi piào jìn- qù <br> | ||
I buy ticket enter-go <br> | I buy ticket enter-go <br> | ||
I bought a ticket and went in.(i) | I bought a ticket and went in.(i) | ||
|(3)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21481/ 他/她天天唱歌写信。]. <br> | |(3)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21481/ 他/她天天唱歌写信。]. <br> | ||
− | 3sg day-day sing-sing write-letter <br> | + | tā/tā tiān-tiān chàng- gē xiĕ- xìn <br> |
+ | 3sg day-day sing-sing write-letter <br> | ||
Everyday s/he sings songs and writes letters.([i],[iii]) | Everyday s/he sings songs and writes letters.([i],[iii]) | ||
|(5)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21482/ 喝点酒壮壮胆子。].<br> | |(5)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21482/ 喝点酒壮壮胆子。].<br> | ||
− | drink a:little wine strengthen-strengthen gall:bladder <br> | + | hē diăn jiŭ zhuàng-zhuàng dănzi <br> |
+ | drink a:little wine strengthen-strengthen gall:bladder <br> | ||
Drink a little wine, and it will give you courage.(i) | Drink a little wine, and it will give you courage.(i) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(7)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21483/ 我弟弟开车出事了。]. <br> | |(7)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21483/ 我弟弟开车出事了。]. <br> | ||
− | I younger:brother drive-car exit-affair PFV/CRS <br> | + | wŏ dìdì kāi-chē chū-shì le <br> |
+ | I younger:brother drive-car exit-affair PFV/CRS <br> | ||
My younger brother had an accident while driving.([i],[iv]) | My younger brother had an accident while driving.([i],[iv]) | ||
|(8)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21484/ 我住在这跟他们打交道。]. <br> | |(8)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21484/ 我住在这跟他们打交道。]. <br> | ||
− | I live at here with they hit-interaction <br> | + | wŏ zhù zài zhèi gēn tāmen dă-jiāodào <br> |
+ | I live at here with they hit-interaction <br> | ||
I live here and have contact with them.([i],[iv]) | I live here and have contact with them.([i],[iv]) | ||
|(10)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21495/ 他/她骑马抽烟。]. <br> | |(10)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21495/ 他/她骑马抽烟。]. <br> | ||
− | 3sg ride horse extract-smoke <br> | + | tā qí mă chōu-yān <br> |
+ | 3sg ride horse extract-smoke <br> | ||
S/He rode a horse and smoked.([i],[iii]) | S/He rode a horse and smoked.([i],[iii]) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(2)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21486/ 我买票进去。]. <br> | |(2)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21486/ 我买票进去。]. <br> | ||
+ | wŏ măi piào jìn- qù <br> | ||
I buy ticket enter-go <br> | I buy ticket enter-go <br> | ||
I bought a ticket to go in.(ii) | I bought a ticket to go in.(ii) | ||
|(4)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21487/ 他/她上楼睡觉。]. <br> | |(4)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21487/ 他/她上楼睡觉。]. <br> | ||
+ | tā shàng-lóu shuìj-iào <br> | ||
3sg ascend-stairs sleep-sleep <br> | 3sg ascend-stairs sleep-sleep <br> | ||
S/He's going upstairs to sleep.(ii) | S/He's going upstairs to sleep.(ii) | ||
− | |(5)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/ | + | |(5)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21482/ 喝点酒壮壮胆子。]. <br> |
− | drink a:little wine strengthen-strengthen gall:bladder <br> | + | hē diăn jiŭ zhuàng-zhuàng dănzi <br> |
+ | drink a:little wine strengthen-strengthen gall:bladder <br> | ||
Drink a little wine to give yourself courage.(ii) | Drink a little wine to give yourself courage.(ii) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(6)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21489/ 我们应该小心不生病。]. <br> | |(6)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21489/ 我们应该小心不生病。]. <br> | ||
− | we should be:careful not produce-sickness <br> | + | wŏmen yīnggāi xiăoxīn bù shēng-bìng <br> |
+ | we should be:careful not produce-sickness <br> | ||
We should be careful not to get sick.([ii],[iv]) | We should be careful not to get sick.([ii],[iv]) | ||
|(8)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21490/ 我住在这跟他们打交道。]. <br> | |(8)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21490/ 我住在这跟他们打交道。]. <br> | ||
− | I live at here with they hit-interaction <br> | + | wŏ zhù zài zhèi gēn tāmen dă-jiāodào <br> |
+ | I live at here with they hit-interaction <br> | ||
I live here in order to have contact with them.(ii) | I live here in order to have contact with them.(ii) | ||
|(9)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21491/ 我们坐火车去好吧?]. <br> | |(9)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21491/ 我们坐火车去好吧?]. <br> | ||
− | we sit train go good SA <br> | + | wŏmen zuò huŏchē qù hăo ba?<br> |
+ | we sit train go good SA <br> | ||
Let's go by train, shall we? ([ii],[iv]) | Let's go by train, shall we? ([ii],[iv]) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(10)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21492/ 他/她骑马抽烟]<br> | |(10)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21492/ 他/她骑马抽烟]<br> | ||
+ | tā qí mă chōu-yān <br> | ||
3sg ride horse extract-smoke <br> | 3sg ride horse extract-smoke <br> | ||
S/He rode a horse in order to smoke.(ii) | S/He rode a horse in order to smoke.(ii) | ||
− | |(11)我们开会考虑那个问题 <br> | + | |(11)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1438/21421/ 我们开会考虑那个问题] <br> |
− | we hold-meeting consider that-CL problem <br> | + | wŏmen kāi-huì kăolǜ nèi-gè wèntí <br> |
+ | we hold-meeting consider that-CL problem <br> | ||
We'll hold a meeting to consider that problem. ([ii],[iv]) | We'll hold a meeting to consider that problem. ([ii],[iv]) | ||
|(10)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21485/ 他/她骑马抽烟] <br> | |(10)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21485/ 他/她骑马抽烟] <br> | ||
+ | tā qí mă chōu-yān <br> | ||
3sg ride horse extract-smoke <br> | 3sg ride horse extract-smoke <br> | ||
s/He rode a horse while smoking.(iv) | s/He rode a horse while smoking.(iv) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(12)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21496/ 他走来走去]<br> | |(12)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21496/ 他走来走去]<br> | ||
+ | tā zŏu-lái zŏu-qù <br> | ||
3sg walk-come walk-go <br> | 3sg walk-come walk-go <br> | ||
S/He walked back and forth.(iii) | S/He walked back and forth.(iii) | ||
− | |(5)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/ | + | |(5)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21482/ 喝点酒壮壮胆子]<br> |
+ | hē diăn jiŭ zhuàng-zhuàng dănzi <br> | ||
drink a:little wine strengthen-strengthen gall:bladder <br> | drink a:little wine strengthen-strengthen gall:bladder <br> | ||
Get some courage by drinking a little wine.(iv) | Get some courage by drinking a little wine.(iv) | ||
|(13)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21504/ 他们用手吃饭]<br> | |(13)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21504/ 他们用手吃饭]<br> | ||
+ | tāmen yòng shŏu chī fàn <br> | ||
they use hand eat-food <br> | they use hand eat-food <br> | ||
They eat with their hands.(iv) | They eat with their hands.(iv) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(14)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21505/ 我一个人晚上出去很害怕] <br> | |(14)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21505/ 我一个人晚上出去很害怕] <br> | ||
− | I one-CL person evening exit-go very scared <br> | + | wŏ yī-gè rén wănshàng chū-qù hĕn hàipà <br> |
+ | I one-CL person evening exit-go very scared <br> | ||
I'm scared to go out alone at night. (iv) | I'm scared to go out alone at night. (iv) | ||
|(15)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21506/ 他念书心很专] <br> | |(15)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21506/ 他念书心很专] <br> | ||
+ | tā niàn-shū xīn hĕn zhuān <br> | ||
3sg study-book heart very engrossed <br> | 3sg study-book heart very engrossed <br> | ||
When he's studying, he's very engrossed. (iv) | When he's studying, he's very engrossed. (iv) | ||
|(16)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21507/ 那个老师说话爱转文]<br> | |(16)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21507/ 那个老师说话爱转文]<br> | ||
+ | nèigè lăoshī shuō-huà ài zhuăn-wén <br> | ||
that-CL teacher say-word love overuse:literary:words <br> | that-CL teacher say-word love overuse:literary:words <br> | ||
That teacher loves to flaunt literary words when s/he talks. (iv) | That teacher loves to flaunt literary words when s/he talks. (iv) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(18)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21508/ 我要他过来]<br> | |(18)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21508/ 我要他过来]<br> | ||
+ | wŏ yào tā guò lái <br> | ||
I want 3sg cross-come <br> | I want 3sg cross-come <br> | ||
I want him/her to comee over here. | I want him/her to comee over here. | ||
|(19)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21509/ 他否认他做错了] <br> | |(19)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21509/ 他否认他做错了] <br> | ||
+ | tā fŏurèn tā zuò cuò le <br> | ||
3sg deny 3sg do-wrong CRS <br> | 3sg deny 3sg do-wrong CRS <br> | ||
He denies that he was wrong. | He denies that he was wrong. | ||
|(20)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21510/ 他情愿他的孩子念书] <br> | |(20)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21510/ 他情愿他的孩子念书] <br> | ||
− | 3sg prefer 3sg-GEN child study-book <br> | + | tā qíngyuàn tā-de háizi niàn-shū <br> |
+ | 3sg prefer 3sg-GEN child study-book <br> | ||
He prefers his children to study. | He prefers his children to study. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(21)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21511/ 他只装不知道]<br> | |(21)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21511/ 他只装不知道]<br> | ||
+ | tā zhĭ zhuāng bù zhīdào <br> | ||
3sg only pretend not know <br> | 3sg only pretend not know <br> | ||
He's only pretending not to know. | He's only pretending not to know. | ||
|(22)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21512/ 我盼望你快一点毕业] <br> | |(22)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21512/ 我盼望你快一点毕业] <br> | ||
− | I hope you soon a:little graduate <br> | + | wŏ pànwàng nĭ kuài yīdiăn bìyè <br> |
+ | I hope you soon a:little graduate <br> | ||
I hope you'll graduate a bit sooner. | I hope you'll graduate a bit sooner. | ||
|(23)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21513/ 我恐怕你来不及]<br> | |(23)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21513/ 我恐怕你来不及]<br> | ||
− | I fear you can't:make:it:in:time <br> | + | wŏ kŏngpà nĭ láibùjí <br> |
+ | I fear you can't:make:it:in:time <br> | ||
I'm afraid you can't make it in time. | I'm afraid you can't make it in time. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(24)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21514/ 我以为你姓侯] <br> | |(24)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21514/ 我以为你姓侯] <br> | ||
+ | wŏ yĭwéi nĭ xìng Hòu <br> | ||
I mistakenly:thought you surname Hou <br> | I mistakenly:thought you surname Hou <br> | ||
I mistakenly thought your surname was Hou. | I mistakenly thought your surname was Hou. | ||
|(25)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21515/ 我没想到你住在南京] <br> | |(25)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21515/ 我没想到你住在南京] <br> | ||
− | I not think-arrive you live at Nanjing <br> | + | wŏ méi xiăng-dào nĭ zhù zài nánjīng <br> |
+ | I not think-arrive you live at Nanjing <br> | ||
I didn't realize you lived in Nanjing. | I didn't realize you lived in Nanjing. | ||
|(26)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21516/ 我坚持我没犯法]<br> | |(26)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21516/ 我坚持我没犯法]<br> | ||
− | I insist I not violate-law <br> | + | wŏ jiānchí wŏ méi fàn-fă <br> |
+ | I insist I not violate-law <br> | ||
I insist that I didn't violate any law. | I insist that I didn't violate any law. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(27)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21517/ 我习惯早点吃得非常少]<br> | |(27)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21517/ 我习惯早点吃得非常少]<br> | ||
− | I be:accustomed breakfast eat CSC extremely little <br> | + | wŏ xíguàn zăodiăn chī de fēicháng shăo <br> |
+ | I be:accustomed breakfast eat CSC extremely little <br> | ||
I'm used to eating very little for breakfast. | I'm used to eating very little for breakfast. | ||
|(28)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21518/ 他梦想做英雄] <br> | |(28)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21518/ 他梦想做英雄] <br> | ||
− | 3sg dream serve:as hero <br> | + | tā mèngxiăng zuò yīngxióng <br> |
+ | 3sg dream serve:as hero <br> | ||
He dreamed that he would be a hero. | He dreamed that he would be a hero. | ||
|(29)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21519/ 她很讲究穿衣服]<br> | |(29)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21519/ 她很讲究穿衣服]<br> | ||
− | 3sg very particular wear clothes <br> | + | tā hĕn jiăngjiū chuān yīfú <br> |
+ | 3sg very particular wear clothes <br> | ||
She's very particular about her clothes. | She's very particular about her clothes. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(30)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21520/ 我们禁止抽烟]<br> | |(30)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21520/ 我们禁止抽烟]<br> | ||
− | we prohibit extract-smoke <br> | + | wŏmen jìnzhĭ chōu-yān <br> |
+ | we prohibit extract-smoke <br> | ||
We prohibit smoking. | We prohibit smoking. | ||
|(31)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21521/ 我感到很惭愧]<br> | |(31)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21521/ 我感到很惭愧]<br> | ||
− | I feel very embarrassed <br> | + | wŏ găndào hĕn cánkuì <br> |
+ | I feel very embarrassed <br> | ||
I feel very embarrassed. | I feel very embarrassed. | ||
|(33a)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21522/ 我觉得你不应该去]<br> | |(33a)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21522/ 我觉得你不应该去]<br> | ||
− | I feel you not should go <br> | + | wŏ juédé nĭ bù yīnggāi qù <br> |
+ | I feel you not should go <br> | ||
I think you shouldn't go. | I think you shouldn't go. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|(33b)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21523/ *我感到你不应该去] <br> | |(33b)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21523/ *我感到你不应该去] <br> | ||
− | I feel you not should go | + | wŏ găndào nĭ bù yīnggāi qù <br> |
+ | I feel you not should go <br> | ||
|(35)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21524/ 他提议我们都去吃饺子] <br> | |(35)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21524/ 他提议我们都去吃饺子] <br> | ||
− | 3sg suggest we all go eat dumplings <br> | + | tā tíyì wŏmen dōu qù chī jiăozi <br> |
+ | 3sg suggest we all go eat dumplings <br> | ||
He suggested that we all go eat dumplings. | He suggested that we all go eat dumplings. | ||
|(36)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21525/ 他没想到我们都去吃饺子]<br> | |(36)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21525/ 他没想到我们都去吃饺子]<br> | ||
− | 3sg not think-arrive we all go eat dumplings <br> | + | tā méi xiăng-dào wŏmen dōu qù chī jiăozi <br> |
+ | 3sg not think-arrive we all go eat dumplings <br> | ||
He didn't realize that we'd all gone to eat dumplings. | He didn't realize that we'd all gone to eat dumplings. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | <br> | + | |(37)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21526/ 他告诉我说你头疼] <br> |
− | <br> | + | tā gàosù wŏ shuō nĭ tóu téng <br> |
− | <br> | + | 3sg tell I say you head ache <br> |
− | <br> | + | He told me that you had a headache. |
− | <br> | + | |(40)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21527/ 他说说他没做功课] <br> |
− | <br> | + | tā shuō (*shuō) tā méi zuò gōngkè <br> |
− | <br> | + | 3sg say *say 3sg not do homework <br> |
− | <br> | + | He said he hadn't done his homework. |
− | <br> | + | |(41)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21528/ 这件事情使/叫/让我很难过] <br> |
− | <br> | + | zhèi-jiàn shìqíng shĭ/jiào/ràng wŏ hĕn nánguò <br> |
− | <br> | + | this-CL matter cause I very sad <br> |
− | <br> | + | This matter makes me very sad. |
− | <br> | + | |- |
− | <br> | + | |(44)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21529/ 在这里停车犯法] <br> |
− | <br> | + | zài zhèilĭ tíng chē fàn-fă <br> |
− | <br> | + | at here stop vehicle violate-law <br> |
− | <br> | + | It is against the law to park here. |
− | <br> | + | |(45)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21530/ 做中国菜太麻烦了] <br> |
− | <br> | + | zuò zhōngguó cài tài máfán le |
− | <br> | + | make China dish too troublesome CRS <br> |
− | <br> | + | Chinese cooking is too much trouble. |
− | <br> | + | |(47)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21531/ 你念书很有成就吧?]<br> |
− | <br> | + | nĭ niàn-shū hĕn yŏu-chéngjiù ba?<br> |
+ | you study-book very exist-accomplishment SA <br> | ||
+ | Your studying is going well, right? | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |(49)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21532/ 他不吃西瓜太可惜了]<br> | ||
+ | tā bù chī xīguā tài kĕxī le <br> | ||
+ | 3sg not eat watermelon too sad CRS <br> | ||
+ | It's too bad s/he doesn't eat watermelon. <br> | ||
+ | |(53a)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21533/ 我们见面很难得] <br> | ||
+ | wŏmen jiàn-miàn hĕn nán-dé <br> | ||
+ | we meet- face very hard- obtain <br> | ||
+ | It is rare that we see each other.<br> | ||
+ | |(53b)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21534/ 我们很难得见面] <br> | ||
+ | wŏmen hĕn nándé jiàn-miàn <br> | ||
+ | we very hard- obtain meet- face <br> | ||
+ | It's rare that we see each other. <br> | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |(57)[http://typecraft.org/TCEditor/1442/21537/ 他送你东西并不表示他爱你] <br> | ||
+ | tā sòng nĭ dōngxī bìng bù biăoshì tā ài nĭ <br> | ||
+ | 3sg give you thing on:the:contrary not express 3sg love you. <br> | ||
+ | His/Her giving you things does not indicate that s/he loves you.<br> | ||
+ | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | [[Category:Interlinear Glossed Text from Linguistic Research|S]] |
Latest revision as of 12:06, 17 June 2012
SVC in Mandarin Chinese (Li & Thompson 1989) | |
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Type | book |
Author(s) | Charles N. Li & Sandra A. Thompson |
Publication title | Mandarin Chinese. A functional reference grammar (1989) |
Publisher | University of California Press |
Pages | 594-620 |
ISBN | 0-520-06610-3 |
Annotator | Miaomiao Zhang |
Corpus Link | SVC in Mandarin Chinese 4 |
Framework | functional reference grammar |
General Information
This article belongs to the TC Category Interlinear Glossed Text from Linguistic Research.
In this category we collect TCwiki pages that feature Interlinear Glossed Text (IGT) from linguistic publications.
IGT are normally demarcated through indenting, numbering and a space above and under the example. One line of text is followed by one line of glosses and a line with free translation completes the pattern. IGTs from linguistic publications are of particular interest, since they represent a unique alignment of language data and linguistic theory. Example sentences from seminal articles are not rarely quoted in linguistic publications for decades which is another good reason why they need our attention.
In an effort to make IGT more accessible to linguistic research, we try to extract original IGT from linguistic publications and in same cases we provide additional linguistic glosses through a subsequent layer of annotation using the TypeCraft Glosser. In this way we hope to contribute to the re-usability of this data.
On each of the our pages that feature IGT from secondary sources, we also provide a short annotated bibliography, sometimes combined with a list of key-terms which can help to gain a perspective on the research questions raised in the original article. The 'Infobox' may contain further information about the linguistic framework used in the original article, as well as additional classifications of the phenomena treated, whenever that is possible.
Instructions
According to Li & Thompson, SVC can be divided into four groups:
1. Two or more separate events
2. One verb phrase or clause serving as the subject or direct object of another verb
3. Pivotal constructions
4. Descriptive clauses
Among them, the first group is then divided into four sub-categories:
(i) Consecutive
(ii) Purpose
(iii) Alternating
(iv) Circumstance
Original Interlinear Glossed Text
(2)我买票进去。. wŏ măi piào jìn- qù |
(3)他/她天天唱歌写信。. tā/tā tiān-tiān chàng- gē xiĕ- xìn |
(5)喝点酒壮壮胆子。. hē diăn jiŭ zhuàng-zhuàng dănzi |
(7)我弟弟开车出事了。. wŏ dìdì kāi-chē chū-shì le |
(8)我住在这跟他们打交道。. wŏ zhù zài zhèi gēn tāmen dă-jiāodào |
(10)他/她骑马抽烟。. tā qí mă chōu-yān |
(2)我买票进去。. wŏ măi piào jìn- qù |
(4)他/她上楼睡觉。. tā shàng-lóu shuìj-iào |
(5)喝点酒壮壮胆子。. hē diăn jiŭ zhuàng-zhuàng dănzi |
(6)我们应该小心不生病。. wŏmen yīnggāi xiăoxīn bù shēng-bìng |
(8)我住在这跟他们打交道。. wŏ zhù zài zhèi gēn tāmen dă-jiāodào |
(9)我们坐火车去好吧?. wŏmen zuò huŏchē qù hăo ba? |
(10)他/她骑马抽烟 tā qí mă chōu-yān |
(11)我们开会考虑那个问题 wŏmen kāi-huì kăolǜ nèi-gè wèntí |
(10)他/她骑马抽烟 tā qí mă chōu-yān |
(12)他走来走去 tā zŏu-lái zŏu-qù |
(5)喝点酒壮壮胆子 hē diăn jiŭ zhuàng-zhuàng dănzi |
(13)他们用手吃饭 tāmen yòng shŏu chī fàn |
(14)我一个人晚上出去很害怕 wŏ yī-gè rén wănshàng chū-qù hĕn hàipà |
(15)他念书心很专 tā niàn-shū xīn hĕn zhuān |
(16)那个老师说话爱转文 nèigè lăoshī shuō-huà ài zhuăn-wén |
(18)我要他过来 wŏ yào tā guò lái |
(19)他否认他做错了 tā fŏurèn tā zuò cuò le |
(20)他情愿他的孩子念书 tā qíngyuàn tā-de háizi niàn-shū |
(21)他只装不知道 tā zhĭ zhuāng bù zhīdào |
(22)我盼望你快一点毕业 wŏ pànwàng nĭ kuài yīdiăn bìyè |
(23)我恐怕你来不及 wŏ kŏngpà nĭ láibùjí |
(24)我以为你姓侯 wŏ yĭwéi nĭ xìng Hòu |
(25)我没想到你住在南京 wŏ méi xiăng-dào nĭ zhù zài nánjīng |
(26)我坚持我没犯法 wŏ jiānchí wŏ méi fàn-fă |
(27)我习惯早点吃得非常少 wŏ xíguàn zăodiăn chī de fēicháng shăo |
(28)他梦想做英雄 tā mèngxiăng zuò yīngxióng |
(29)她很讲究穿衣服 tā hĕn jiăngjiū chuān yīfú |
(30)我们禁止抽烟 wŏmen jìnzhĭ chōu-yān |
(31)我感到很惭愧 wŏ găndào hĕn cánkuì |
(33a)我觉得你不应该去 wŏ juédé nĭ bù yīnggāi qù |
(33b)*我感到你不应该去 wŏ găndào nĭ bù yīnggāi qù |
(35)他提议我们都去吃饺子 tā tíyì wŏmen dōu qù chī jiăozi |
(36)他没想到我们都去吃饺子 tā méi xiăng-dào wŏmen dōu qù chī jiăozi |
(37)他告诉我说你头疼 tā gàosù wŏ shuō nĭ tóu téng |
(40)他说说他没做功课 tā shuō (*shuō) tā méi zuò gōngkè |
(41)这件事情使/叫/让我很难过 zhèi-jiàn shìqíng shĭ/jiào/ràng wŏ hĕn nánguò |
(44)在这里停车犯法 zài zhèilĭ tíng chē fàn-fă |
(45)做中国菜太麻烦了 zuò zhōngguó cài tài máfán le
make China dish too troublesome CRS |
(47)你念书很有成就吧? nĭ niàn-shū hĕn yŏu-chéngjiù ba? |
(49)他不吃西瓜太可惜了 tā bù chī xīguā tài kĕxī le |
(53a)我们见面很难得 wŏmen jiàn-miàn hĕn nán-dé |
(53b)我们很难得见面 wŏmen hĕn nándé jiàn-miàn |
(57)他送你东西并不表示他爱你 tā sòng nĭ dōngxī bìng bù biăoshì tā ài nĭ |