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Possessive constructions in Norwegian

Revision as of 17:59, 20 December 2015 by Lars Hellan (Talk | contribs) (Forms of Possessive pronouns)

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Possessive construction here subsumes constructions with possessive pronouns and with NPs with an -s attached at the end (without apostrophe).

Forms of Possessive pronouns

Possessive pronouns come in three patterns:

Pattern 1:

 hans ('his'),
 hennes ('her'), 
 dens ('its'), when the noun for the possessor is masculine or feminine gender, 
 dets ('its'), when the noun for the possessor is neuter gender, 
 dennes ('this one's'), when the noun for the possessor is masculine or feminine gender,
 dettes ('that one's'), when the noun for the possessor is neuter gender, 
 deres (your', plural), when the possessor is second person (the one talked to), 
                OR
               ('their', plural), when the possessor is third person (what is talked about).

Pattern 2: min ('my'), din ('your'), sin (reflexive 'his', 'her') Pattern 3: vår ('our').

Pattern 1 uses essentially a personal pronoun plus -s; see Personal pronouns in Norwegian.

Pattern 2 inflects as follows':

with a masculine singular noun:  min,  din,  sin
with a feminine singular noun: mi,  di,  si
with a neuter singular noun: mitt, ditt, sitt
with a plural noun, any gender: mine, dine, sine


Pattern 3, i.e., vår, has the pattern:

with a masculine singular noun:  vår
with a feminine singular noun: vår
with a neuter singular noun: vårt
with a plural noun, any gender: våre

Constructions using possessive pronouns

BEING WRITTEN


1. 'Possessive pronouns occurring before the noun

Possessive pronouns occupy the position otherwise held by the definite article, and they may be said to induce a definiteness effect in that they require the weak form of the adjective. Contrary to the definite article, however, the ensuing noun has to be in indefinite form:

mine griser
mine
mine
1sgPL
PNposs
griser
griser
pigPLMASCINDEF
N
mine tre små griser
mine
mine
1sgPL
PNposs
tre
tre
three
NUM
små
små
smallPL
ADJ
griser
griser
pigPLMASCINDEF
N
min glade gris
min
min
1sgSG
PNposs
glade
glade
gladDEF
ADJ
gris
gris
pig
N


2. 'Possessive pronouns occurring after the noun

For possessive pronouns, another position of occurrence is immediately after the noun, which then has to be in definite form:

grisen min
grisen
grisen
pigDEFMASCSG
N
min
min
1sgSG
PNposs
den glade grisen min
den
den
DEFMASCSG
DET
glade
glade
gladDEF
ADJ
grisen
grisen
pigDEFMASCSG
N
min
min
1sgSG
PNposs


3. Possessive pronoun occurring before the noun, together with a possessor NP

Possessive NPs with -s

TO BE WRITTEN

den rike bondens (tre) (små) griser

den rike bondens (lille) gris

  • den rike bondens (tre) (små) grisene